> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://all-access-anonymous.gitbook.io/decentralised-intelligent-network-dine/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://all-access-anonymous.gitbook.io/decentralised-intelligent-network-dine/ai-stack/ai-ml-tools.md).

# AI/ML Tools

**i. Data Engineering:** Apache Kafka (streaming), Apache Airflow (orchestration)

**ii. Model Training:** Hugging Face Transformers (NLP), XGBoost/LightGBM (tabular data)

**iii. Deployment:** Docker containers, Kubernetes orchestration